Recruitment research and documentation Essay

It was a very well presented from then; it included clear questions and very valid ones as well, such as work permissions within the UK, and criminal offence questions. However, there were some which could have been altered or excluded, if they were related to anyone at Coventry City Council was unneeded, that should not have any issues with them in the job. Disability and Equal opportunities had to be included which meant that their gender and origin had to be responded to truthfully and meant we got a slight overlook to get a better understanding of who they were. Education was rather bleak, candidates were asked on what schools they had gone to and what degrees were gone from where, but that was about it, they were not asked why they wanted to and so forth, but in any other situation, professionally we would have been able to ask it all in the interview, but with limited time we could not afford to include it. Most of the employment history was very good, it gave high amounts of detail and was also so simple, yet we still added questions into our interview which could have then been excluded, the questions at the end informing us about their intentions over why they wanted to employ here, again we added it within our interview and now I feel it was something we needed to refer to rather than go into detail as we did. The job description gave a simple overview of the job role and what they would be looking to get paid and work a week. The duties and responsibilities as well as the brief description meant that the applicant would understand what we were looking for and if they were suitable to apply, however, the basic number qualifications could have been added in to make it even more suitable, therefore the applicants would know what degrees and grades we would be associating to our job role. The specification gave the number of GCSE grades and experience we were looking for which meant that together the job description and the specification were working well together and also suited the job. We included a physical essential that I feel should have been worded differently; to say we needed a â€Å"clear voiced† applicant was for me incorrect. It should have been more based on communicational skills and a more confident desirable. Team or social activities as well as personality aspects are seen in essential also but these are small issues, other than this, I feel both are successful and complete their roles well. As stated before, our interview was rather successful in its plan, we made concentrated on sections for each individual and when it came down to making notes, we took turns based on what questions were asked, also the grade given to the responses meant that we could evaluate effectively and without too much hassle. We had researched and included some of the legislation aspects within our application, and we believe we have concluded it up to a good standard, my knowledge has been relatively good up till now and we have been able to apply it successfully within our interview as well. We made sure all our questions were not biased and asked rather in the same manner to each individual, we never included any sexual or ethical discriminating questions or implied as much, but if we had the funds, we could have asked and gone to a legal advisor to completely check our application and interview plan to make sure were conducting everything in and orderly fashion. Legislation is difficult situation as anything which can be seen as slightly biased would be approached, yet we feel we have successfully completed and understood this section to a certain extent. Yet I feel we have done this on a basic level and to work at a higher standard this could have been elaborated and an increase in the number of suitable acts within our application would prove this. We have included different ethical initiations within our documents which meant that we would not be revealing any detail given to us and this fell under the privacy act, we had thought to test it out prior to the interviews but insufficient time gave us a limited period in which to do so. I personally feel that this would have benefited the group as we could then make the alterations that were likely to appear. Recruiting is a difficult section with all its legal and ethical dimensions, to get it correct can be a mission in itself, yet we took these into consideration and worked around them as best we could. We placed lines initiating what the documents would be used for and how privacy would be kept within the company. I feel we had a good variety of job adverts and other such documentations to which we could refer back to or get ideas from, yet it was a basic bit of annotation to which we conducted to, we didn’t do any detailed evaluation over other companies documents which meant that the standard of ours would fall slightly due to this. Therefore I would suggest next time that we re-do this section in order to get a better analysis over detailed aspects of the documents by realizing the types of wording used as well as the layouts provided. Job advertisements were provided but could have been identified and found out easily off the internet or at a job centre, however, internal documents had to be released or made up as we could not just get our hands on them. We had ideas given to us that related to them and we used them to the best we could but again I feel the time we had meant we had to make basic adjustments rather than go into strict detail over them. I would perhaps get a wider research range from the internet and companies to find small aspects of the job description to which I could include and then it would increase the standard on a general scale. I was the one who created the induction package, yet I had not thought of interviewing a real manager to see if they felt that it was suitable, this would have been rather easy under the circumstances and would benefit the group tremendously, yet previous induction packages off the internet and ones provided gave a good outline which made it easier to identify areas which needed to be targeted. It included all the basic details such as the general facilities and the safety procedures. Yet the layout again is rather basic, without a previous internal document to refer to in order to gain a good understanding, it was difficult to gain certain point or include others. Yet, the basic layout is made up for by the inclusion of all the main issues and points which need to be included in a real induction, signatures at the end and instructions are there also to professionalize the document as well as giving the candidate some sort of reference to what should be included once in the job.

Analysis of Sredni Vashtar and Such a Pretty Little Picture Essay

_Sredni Vashtar_ and _Such a Pretty Little Picture_ are short stories whose main heroes share a common character trait: they both dream about a world where they can finally be free. Both of them live in a reality in which they do not feel happy and they use their imagination to escape from their forlorn position. The two protagonists are Conradin, a ten-year-old boy who is diagnosed with a fatal illness and Mr. Wheelock, who has a seemingly perfect life but deep down he wants nothing more but escape. While Conradin is a prisoner of his own illness, Mr. Wheelock is cornered by the expectations of society. â€Å"Conradin was ten years old, and the doctor had pronounced his professional opinion that the boy would not live another five years.† – with this opening sentence starts the story of Conradin. He is a boy who carries a huge burden which should not be beard by someone so young. He lives with his aunt, Mrs. De Ropp, who takes pleasure in forbidding Conradin everything that might bring him joy. Mrs. De Ropp is portrayed as a cold and cruel lady who treats Conradin poorly and likes thwarting him under the guise of taking care of him. The only safe haven for Conradin is a little shed where he keeps his two pets: a Houdan hen, which he considers a dear friend and a ferret, whom he fears and idealizes as a god, Sredni Vashtar. Each night, Conradin worships and prays to the â€Å"hutch-god† and begs him: â€Å"Do one thing for me, Sredni Vashtar.†. He does not specify what he wants, because gods are supposed to know one`s deepest desire. One day Mrs. De Ropp f inds out about Conradin`s visits to the shed and goes to investigate, but she never emerges again. In the last scene the blood-covered ferret appears and Conradin sighs in relief to finally be set free. (_Sredni Vashtar_, Saki) Mr. Wheelock appears to be a perfect husband with a perfect family and perfect life. But it is just the surface. He is dissatisfied with his life, his wife often makes fun of him in public and questions his masculinity and his daughter is an ill-favored child with whom he has no strong bond. He hears about a man who for the last twenty years â€Å"had gone to the city on the 8:12, sitting in the same seat in the same car, and every evening he had  gone home to his wife on the 5:17, sitting in the same seat in the same car†, but one day, instead of going home on the train as usual, he paused, walked off, and was never seen again. Mr. Wheelock starts to fantasize about running away and never look back, but he always comes up with something that delays his plan. At the end he remains with the one thing he can properly do – cutting the hedge while daydreaming about the breaking out from his monotone life, because â€Å"clipping the hedge was one of the few domestic dutie s that Mr. Wheelock could be trusted with†. (_Such a Pretty Little Picture_, Parker, 1995) Conradin and Mr. Wheelock are similar in a sense that both of them are suppressed by a dominant woman. Conradin`s life is dictated by the prohibitions set by Mrs. De Ropp. It is not enough that this little boy is severely sick, but he has to put up with a cold-hearted guardian, who instead of giving her nephew the little things that would make his final years tolerable, takes all the joy from his life. Mr. Wheelock endures his wife`s constant mocking and deep inside yields to the fate of being an insignificant member of his family. However, while Conradin is tried by his aunt every step of the way, he does not give up and believes that Sredni Vashtar will give him what he desires the most: the death of Mrs. De Ropp. Although he does not actively do anything, Conradin is not a quitter and continually begs his fantasy god to help him. Mr. Wheelock, on the contrary, is rewarded with an opportunity to change his lifestyle and flee, but instead of snatching at the chance, he finds excuses against it, e.g.: people might think, he left for improper reasons, like for another woman – which shows how much Mr. Wheelock cares about the opinion of the society – or that he has to leave his job which â€Å"he did not particularly dislike†. The ability to make decisions is the main difference between these two characters. Mr. Wheelock is too much of a coward to take the risk and abandon his comfortable but boring life and he can only thank to himself for the situation he is in, because he was the one who d ecided to marry Adelaide. Conradin, however, is a young child who finds himself alone in the world and has no other choice but to subordinate himself to the whim of Mrs. De Ropp. BIBLIOGRAPHY: http://faculty.tnstate.edu/lpowers/Short%20Story/Saki%20Shredni%20Vashtar%20Bull%20Open%20Window.pdf PARKER, D.: _Such a Pretty Little Picture_, Penguin Books, London, 1995, ISBN: 978-1-101-14403-9

Literary Analysis of Hanging Fire Essay

The poem, â€Å"Hanging Fire† written by Audre Lorde, causes readers to enter into the mind of a random person. It’s left up to the readers to determine whose thoughts have been recorded. It’s clear that Lorde believes readers can gain historical insight based on thoughts written in â€Å"Hanging Fire.† The poem’s language and order mimic human thought. It starts with someone revealing their age and a number of social dilemmas they are worried about. From the information, readers should assume that it is teenage black girl’s thoughts that have been written. Based on other factors readers can safely assume that the narrator is likely living in a Pre-Civil Rights Movement era. Assumptions are the best tool for readers to understand â€Å"Hanging Fire† because the audience is only left with vague thoughts. This makes the poem ambiguous enough to be interpreted in a number of ways. How the poem is interpreted depends on whether or no one can identify with the narrator. It would make sense that the great majority of readers interpret that the narrator is a black teenage girl struggling with issues of racism, sexism, and along with social issues that occur in the average teenage life. This theory is further supported if one notes that the author, Audre Lorde is a black female, who wrote the poem during times of racial tension. Lines like ‘and my skin betrays me’ with ‘suppose I dies before graduation’, point to this racial tension. If this assumption is true then the narrator would have had tremendous amounts of social strain simply because of her race. It’s likely that sexism would have been common in the setting of the poem, as demonstrated by the lines ‘I should have been on the Math Team my marks were better than his.’ Audre Lorde, overall, has a love for civil rights and women’s rights, something that was not very common when she wrote â€Å"Hanging Fire.† Lorde uses human thought rather than dialog to convey her message. â€Å"Hanging Fire† isn’t merely the random thought of a naive teenage girl, but a look into life during a time less favorable than our own.

Application Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Application Assignment - Essay Example From my research it has revealed that when students communicate with their teachers via e-mails and there is a correspondence they view this as a good way of creating student teacher relationship. On the other hand if the teacher communicates with the students via e-mails and there is a correspondence then the teacher views this as way of fostering efficient teacher student relationship. Students have been noted to communicate with their teachers for a number of reasons and some of these reasons includes; Relational aspect. This is described as a bid to try and foster a professional relationship with the teacher. Students do this to familiarize with their teacher and know him well. The other one is the functional aspect .It involves the student giving explanation to the teacher providing reading materials and other syllabus homework and assignments to the students. Another reason why students communicate with their teachers is the participatory reason. Here the student wishes to show their interest and involvement in the class as well as their work. Another one is that of making excuses. In this reason the students try to give out reasons why they have not completed their assignments on time or why they are absent from their lectures or any other reason which might be involved or might arise in the course of their studies. The other reason definitely is expected to be noted is sycophancy. Some students like to make impressions to the teacher to gain some favours.These are mostly called in school circles teachers pets who are not very much liked by other students. After looking at the reasons above one can conclude that student teacher relationship is very important to the two parties. This is because teaching as profession is a relational vocation which cannot be successful without teacher and student having a good relationship. It can not be refuted that teacher student relationship is a contributing factor to the students’ classroom work success and ou t of the classroom as well. From the discussion above we can note some points which can enhance student teacher relationship. They include; One means of maintaining student teacher relationship is that both of them should reach out to each other personally. This will boost their relationship as they get to meet and talk to each and discuss matters affecting them both.( Martin & Myers, 2006).this should mostly occur after classes or outside the classroom. The communication of outside the class helps students to discuss many topics with the teacher as well as getting to know each other on the social font this helps boost the confidence of the student and strengthens student teacher relationship (Fusani, 1994). In the course of outside class discussion which is known as extra class communication (ECC) it gives room for a large coverage of the syllabus as the teacher can attend to almost every students special needs and personal queries as opposed to doing as a group in the class.ECC al so brings out the positive change in the student teacher relationship as their contact between the two which brings them closer to each other (Jaasma and Koper, 1999). After engaging in ECC students tends to gauge what their relationship has yielded and base their studies mostly on the outcome of their engagements. And after some research it was noted that those students who perceive that ECC was beneficial to them they tend to embrace it and moves on with it. But those who

Research in Motion Globalization Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

In Motion Globalization - Research Paper Example (Peers ). One of the most effective ways to counter such challenge is to improve the research and development activity at the firm. RIM therefore will require a constant inflow of talented and creative software developers to continue to develop better and more consumer friendly applications for RIM. This is critical in order to not only continue to hold the attention of the consumers but also successfully negotiate with the competition. If RIM does not ramp up its R&D quickly, it can soon see itself out of the business. This is because the overall competitive threat is quite huge not in terms of hardware side but also on software side too. Apple and Google have launched phones which can be considered as direct competitors of RIM’s Blackberry. (Peers). Similarly, Microsoft has come up with a new operating system allowing users to have better experience because the overall trends are shifting towards meeting social networking needs of the consumers rather than allowing them to h ave better productivity at work. Q#2 It has been observed that the concentration of software developers is regional based wherein major hubs of producing quality software developers are in few countries or regions. Most importantly countries like India and US are considered as the international hubs for the quality supply of qualified software developers.

Portrait photographer interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Portrait photographer interview - Essay Example instructor. I come from a family of six children, I am the third born in the family, and I have three children, Sarah, Samuelle, and Susan (Somerstein 1). I am also a professional Portrait Photographer discovered as a little girl. I took my very first photos during the Vietnam War, and since then I have been hooked on photography (Somerstein 1). I became a professional photographer back in 1970, when the Rolling Stones magazine looked at my work and decided to sign me on as their photographer. the world. Photography is my life. When I take a photograph, I feel an essence of communication between me and the person am taking the photograph of. It is a new learning experience for me every time. publicly accepted photograph was that of John Lennon during my time at Rolling stones, it would be safe to say that I â€Å"made it† in the 1980s, which was ten years after I started working professionally. So it took me around ten years before I got my big break. because, when I like something or someone, I take a photo of them. To me portrait photography is the best way to get to know people better, to communicate with them, and learn more about them. Portrait photography is reality, which is what I want to experience when I take photographs to photography, photographers such as Henri Cartier-Bresson and Frank Robert were my biggest influence (Somerstein 1). They have a way of using their photography as a toll for personal reportage. The photographs they take are merely a report of what is, no additions, no subtractions, just a graphical representation of reality. Stones magazine and Vanity Fair. They have all been big projects for you and you have executed each project remarkably. Now, am curious, how do you get work? Do your clients look for you? Or are you the one who looks for them? and for that reason, I needed to gather as many customers as possible for my work. I still do up to date but at the moment, it is the clients who come

Radio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Radio - Essay Example which broadcasting is carried out throughout the world and involves the airborne transmission of electromagnetic audio signals in the case of radio and audio and visual signals in case of televisions that can generally be accessed by a wide population through receivers (Biagi 2014, p.131). Broadcasting plays a crucial role in ideology, news values, social and cultural context as well as the political context as most people use them to address and tackle the issues affecting a country. The major reason for the use of broadcasting is its capacity to reach a large number of people or masses in the passing of information as well as entertainment. Broadcasting emerged as a remedy to the traditional or conventional means of sending information that was used previously. Radio developed as an improvement of the telegraph as an instantaneous system of information to address the desire of humans for a mode of communication free from the obstacles of long-distance transportation (Timmons 2005, p.53).   The first system developed by Guglielmo Marconi transmitted information which was picked about 3km away by a receiving device that had no connection to the transmitting device that demonstrated that electronic signals could be cast broadly through space and could be captured by receivers. As already stated, the radio transmits news through sounds also known as audio medium that is played on the radio for the audience. Radio broadcasts may range from as little as a few seconds to lengthy minutes and may include local or international news as well as entertainment that may be incorporated in the program to encourage a flow in the broadcasts. News plays an important role on radio such as contribution of flow and a source of content that may be social or c ultural as well as other contexts. News plays a major role in radio that may be grouped in such criteria as enabling citizenship, helping us know the world around us, facilitating the exchange of ideas and information, revealing

International Relation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International Relation - Essay Example For the Non governmental organizations to be able to impact their influence, they need the support of larger multinational organizations as well (Palmer 2006). One such relationship has been in existence with the United Nations for over 50 years now. This relationship is not adequately recorded as it has experienced a lot of metamorphoses over time (Palmer 2006). However the most important thing is the common goals each of these organizations have; a world that is clean, healthy, and has opportunity for all to live their lives in justice and without fear. The UN and the NGOs both support this (Ishkanian 2008). The role of Non governmental organizations in bringing the world to its senses (consciousness) is basically consultative though recently the involvement of the NGOs has become more intensive just like governments and political organizations. The most influential NGOs are the international ones and this increased participation of the International NGOs is what has come to be commonly described as the "Civil Society" (Palmer 2006). The UN describes this as the world where social movements systematize themselves focused on certain goals, constituencies, and thematic interests (UN secretary) NGOs' Promotion of Democracy Its has been the goal of the non governmental organization and the united nations to achieve a 100 percent democratic world over the next 25 years and this can only be achieved by radical reinforcement of the principal freedom fighters (Ishkanian 2008). The NGOs have an advantage of a strong foundation of success and experience over the past decades. The freedom house has been very active in fighting fascism as an effort to create a democratic world since 1940 while the league of women voters took up the initiative to fight for democracy in the period after the World War II in Germany and Europe at large helping Spain and Portugal achieve democracy (Gagnon Jr 1995). Even America in the 1980s experienced a lot of NGO contribution to promoting democratic activities such as expansion of freedoms. The freedom house has indicated that over the past 33 years, the number of non free nations in terms of democracy has reduced by 50%. The AFL-CIO has played a very important role in the achievement and strengthening cohesion in Poland while the National Democratic Institute has been involved in teaching democrats in Hungary about communism and benefits of democracy. NGOs are very effective as they can operate even in dangerous nations where dictators are still in power and where dictatorship is no longer in existence. This fact can be the mother of all strategies of initiating and maintaining democracies (Donald 1994). Dictatorship is the moist challenging issue in the achievement of democracy, paradoxically, with international NGOs in place, these fact is often very string as there is immense knowledge of how dictators in the past have left power and long lasting democracies implemented. Recently, a research by the freedom house indicated that so far over 67 transitions of freedom have been won

Marketing Strategy WH Smith Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Marketing Strategy WH Smith Case Study - Essay Example WH Smith (WHS) was established in 1792 and went public in 1949. The retail division presently operates 542 retail stores and 127 travel stores across the country. In addition, the division operates e-retailing business through the website. The news division of WHS is UK’s largest wholesaler of newspaper and magazines. The company’s key product portfolio includes books, stationery, travel guides, greeting cards and gift packaging, art materials, entertainment products such as music and video CD’s, DVD’s, computer games and confectionery. The company derives a majority of its revenues from the UK, having divested itself of the Asia-pacific arm.Major competitors that need to be considered, looking at the diverse range of products offered, may be identified as Amazon.com, Borders Group, Barnes & Noble, Bertelsmann, Lagardere, HMV, Virgin, Woolworths, Asda, Tesco and a number of specialist small retailers.The most obvious strength of the company is its 542 reta il outlets on every high-street in the country and 127 travel stores at railway stations and airports, allowing the company to reach a wide customer base – 70% of the British public visit a WHS store at least once every year!Travel Retail is a strong performer within the retail division and recorded growth rates of 3% in revenue (Â £311 million) and an increase of 24 % in its profits in 2005 compared with the previous year. While passenger growth at airports was 2%, the sales at airport outlets grew by 7%. (Datamonitor, 2006). Distribution: WH Smith News has 47 distribution centres across the UK and delivers up to 50 million newspapers and magazines every week. All distribution centres employ state-of-the-art technology, such as 'Pick and Pack' machinery, to help to improve customer service and reduce costs. I.T. Systems: The company is in an excellent position to exploit the cutting edge Information Technology

English Composition 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

English Composition 1 - Essay Example One hour of active physical activity like walking, swimming or other exercising per day is now recommended by the National Academies’ Institute of Medicine. It is a half an hour per day more that the previous recommendation advised (half an hour five days a week). However, even that old goal is hardly reached by many Americans. This fact is related mostly to using cars and labor-saving devices that free people from long walks and physical activity they had, for example, a century ago. In the modern highly technological and busy world most people spend their days sitting at work, in from of computers or TV sets, and find no time for exercising. Focus, an ability concentrate, is one of the most important skills of a student. It is so because a concentrated person can complete a piece of work, such as homework or test, faster and more effectively since one’s mind is not disturbed by external irritants. Though different people have different abilities to concentrate, this valuable skill can be learned and improved by means of constant practice. One of the methods to reinforce the skill is establishing a rule of having the same time and place to study every day. This, soon, will become a habit to help one in the studying process. Afterwards one can use an established timer to make oneself concentrate on one particular task for, for instance, fifteen minutes. And, of course, one should reward oneself for each small achievement – even the fifteen minutes of focusing on one thing. Finally, with time concentrating becomes a habit, and benefits its owner by the ability to be more attentive during the class or on the t est. Therefore, thought the ability to concentrate is extremely important for achieving success in any process, the good thing is that it can be learned and

Life without IT Essay Example for Free

Life without IT Essay In 21th century, people are probably all in Facebook, Twitter, Weibo, etc. Are you spending too much time on your computer? A recent survey shows that about 83% of users said â€Å"Yes† and only 17% of users said â€Å"No†. Internet influences us so much! But, did you ever think that if there haven’t computer any more, so what would life be like without the Internet? People may say that:† No, it is impossible! Although Steve Jobs died, but Apple Company still survives. † So here I want to say, everything is possible, not absolutely. And what would happen if the Internet completely disappeared? For me, Life is very different without the internet. Because without the internet, I maybe always go out to the pubs and enjoy the company with them. Also without the internet I cant have this much knowledge in computers because I usually learn some cool stuffs under the internet. The Internet is a useful tool for communication through email and instant messaging, finding information and other resources and for just killing free time. People who find social relations difficult in the real world, or infirm or elderly people, can use the internet to reach out and forge lasting relationships with people they otherwise would never have been able to meet. Well, people would have to start talking to each other more, like they used to, and the whole morning chat at the post office will return. Kids would have to used the library to find stuff out instead of using Google, which will get them out of the house and learning to do things for themselves. People will receive letters instead of emails. So many people use the Internet that if whoever banned it from the world everyone would complain that much and so many people would sue them that they would be forced to put it back on to regain all their money, or everyone should just move to the planet mars. It’s boring life! The Internet was a technological advancement that excelled us into the 21st century and changed the way we socialized, did business and purchased goods. It paved the way to the future and still has many exciting advancements ahead of it’s self. There are however many of us who practiced life before it’s time and have experienced a life without the Internet. A life without Internet, I cant imagine, myself, living in this century, without the internet, therefore we should treasure the things we have, don’t let Internet disappeared in the world!

Role of MIS in Market Research Essay Example for Free

Role of MIS in Market Research Essay Introduction: The changing market environment has given rise to the needs of update information more than ever in the past. The markets have transformed to international from local. With the increase in the exposure to masses and increased geographical market coverage, the need of quick and up to date information has also increased. With the changing business environment the buyers are also changing. With the increasing incomes the buyers have become more selective. For a company to launch a new product it has become important to have the information from the buyer needs to buyer wants. On the other hand it is also important to have the knowledge of how to present the product in effective manner in order to reach the customer in an effective manner. With the changing business needs the new marketing techniques such as product differentiation, branding and advertising are also gaining immense importance. The successful product positioning and promotion is only possible if all the required information in this lieu is gathered and used in the right direction. In order to fulfil modern information needs, new information technologies have also been evolved. The information regarding the buyer preferences and behaviour plays an important part in helping the management to take important decisions regarding the product such as pricing, promotion, competition etc.   It is important for the company to establish a system in order to acquire a large amount of information for the marketing managers. â€Å"Competitive companies study their managers’ information needs and design marketing information systems (MIS) to meets these needs. A marketing information system (MIS) consists of people, equipment, and procedures to gather, sort, analyse, evaluate, and distribute needed, timely, and accurate information to marketing decision markers. To carry out their analysis, planning, implementation, and control responsibilities marketing managers need information about developments in the marketing environment. The role of the MIS is to assess the manager’s information needs, develop the needed information, and distribute that information in a timely fashion, the information is developed through internal company records, marketing intelligence activities, marketing research, and marketing decision support analysis.† (Kotler, 2000) An effective MIS will also help in enhancing the exposure level of the company from local market to national market. It is important for the company to design the MIS system in an effective manner. In most of the cases the companies lack information sophistication. Some of them collect a large amount of information but the data is not stored in a proper way to be handled easily. The MIS will help the company in understanding the customer’s perception, taste, needs and desires regarding the new product. Without the proper MIS the investment in the production and innovation will not be of any use. â€Å"The MIS represent a cross between what managers think they need, what managers really need, and what is economically feasible.† (Kotler, 2000) The MIS will provide support to the management in the areas of reduction of price risks, planning for an effective and cheap marketing strategy with technology assessment and development, particularly in evolving and popularising food product offered by the company. An effective Marketing information system can help in the company in motivating distributors, retailers, and other intermediaries to pass along important intelligence. Through the components of MIS the Company will able to collect information regarding order-to-payment cycle and sales reporting system. The mangers will be able to get the information about the developments in the marketing environment. The MIS will also assist the managers in collecting, analysing and reporting data relevant to the market situation. The decision support system will help the managers to take important marketing decisions by interpreting the gathered information. Hence MIS is the most important instrument without which the Company cannot market its product successfully in market. 1.Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find out the role of marketing information system in the effective and successful promotion of product of a company. Research Design: Research is a fact finding activity (Dominowski, 1980). The aim of primary research is to make known something previously unknown and to advance human knowledge by making it more certain or better fitting; the aim is discovery (Elias and Dunning, 1986). In this case it is required to find out the perceptions of the customers regarding the desert the Company is going to launch nation wide. The primary research design will provide a structure for the collection and analysis of data. A preference of research design reflects decisions about precedence will be given to a scope of dimension of the research process (Bryman, 2001).    Easterby-Smith et al (1997) identify three reasons why the exploration of philosophy may be significant with particular reference to research methodology: Firstly, it can help the researcher to refine and specify the research methods to be used in a study, that is, to clarify the overall research strategy to be used. This would include the type of evidence gathered and its origin, the way in which such evidence is interpreted, and how it helps to answer the research questions posed. Secondly, knowledge of research philosophy will enable and assist the researcher to evaluate different methodologies and methods and avoid inappropriate use and unnecessary work by identifying the limitations of particular approaches at an early stage. Thirdly, it may help the researcher to be creative and innovative in either selection or adaptation of methods that were previously outside his or her experience. Two views about the research process dominate the literature: positivism and phenomenology which have an important part to play in business and management research (Saunders, 2000). Positivism is founded on the belief that study of human behaviour should be conducted in the same way that as studies conducted in the natural sciences. On the other hand phenomenology is concerned with the understanding human behaviour from the participant’s own frame of reference (Hussey and Collis, 2003). Positivistic paradigm Phenomenological paradigm Tends to produce quantitative data Tends to produce qualitative data Uses large samples Uses small samples Concerned with hypothesis testing Concerned with generating theories Data is highly specific and precise Data is rich and subjective The location is artificial The location is natural Reliability is high Reliability is low Validity is low Validity is high Generalises from sample to population Generalises from one setting to another Figure 1: Features of the two main paradigms  (Hussey and Collis, 2003) The design to be used for this research would be the utilisation of the survey and interview questions in an electronic form which were sent to the respondents a couple of days before the formal computation of the results. We will conduct cross-sectional design which â€Å"entails the collection of data on more than one case and at a single point in time in order to collect a body of quantitative or quantifiable data in connection with two or more variables†(Bryman Bell 2003:48). The said design of research is indeed applicable for this study and would be able to provide the necessary details for the completion of the research. The reason behind this is the fact that the respondents themselves are capable of giving the necessary answer for the needed data in this case. Hence, the results of the study are expected to give accurate details for the research procedure. Data Collection – methodology:    It is better to use effective and authentic ways of research so that the investment of the management can prove fruitful. We will consider two research methods Interview Questionnaire Interviewing: Interviewing is a data collection method in which the researcher asks for information verbally from the respondents (Jennings, 2001). It is the way to access people’s perceptions, definitions, meaning, situation and construction of reality, where it involves discussing or questioning issues with people to collect data unlikely to be accessible using techniques such as questionnaires or observation (Punch, 1998). The interviewing research method can be successfully followed in this project. Generally speaking, an interview is a social interaction between two people, with one person gathering information from the other. The interaction is what differentiates the interview from the questionnaire, even when the questions posed are identical. Thus structured interviews give the researcher specific answers as opposed to narrative response to questions gathered from semi-structured in-depth interviews (Gubrium and Holstein, 2002). Structured interviews enable the interviewer to ask each respondent the same questions in the same way. A tightly control structured schedule of questions and format is used, very much like a questionnaire. Interviews must be well prepared and must have clear objectives for each interview. Interviews can be conducted after the team has established the topical areas to be covered in the interviews and after the lead investigator has reviewed with the board the objectives of the interviews and strategies for obtaining useful information. In many research situation permission requests should be received before the interview takes place. The interviewer should consider the length of the interview to cover his aims, normally between 15 minutes to an hour. Provide contact information of the interviewer and it must be determined who to interview, in what order, what interviewing techniques to employ and what method of record to use (Denscombe, 2003). The following aspects should be considered when defining a strategy for the interview (Mason, 1996): The questions should make sense and be meaningful to the interviewee. The questions should be related to the interviewee experiences based on what is already known about them. The interviewer must take care to be sensitive to the needs of the interviewee. The interviewer should be aware of the flow of the interview interaction by attempting to move seamlessly between topics and questions. The interviewer needs to focus on issues and topics that are relevant to the research problem and questions. Choosing interviews for this stage of this part of the research was in order to get as much information as possible from the few people that will be interviewed. Interview questions will be compiled from the existing literature and detailed in relation to the research topic, aim and objectives Questionnaires: In the questionnaires method of data collection the researcher can precisely obtain the information that he asks for and these information can be analysed in an easier way than if choosing another method. In addition to that questionnaires are not an expensive method of data collection, and they don’t take long time to fill in. On the other hand questionnaires have some disadvantages such as: they do not have a high response rate, the wording of the questions can cause bias to the client’s responses, and the questions might not be designed correctly, which will result in collecting unneeded answers   (McNamara, 1999). Choosing questionnaires for this step was due to the relatively large sample size that the researcher intends to include in his research, and for the cheap cost of this method comparing with other data collection methods. Effective sampling design: Sample is a subset or subgroup of the population, while the sample size is the actual number of subjects chosen as a sample to represent the population characteristics. Sampling is the process of selecting items from the population so that the sample characteristics can be generalised to the population (Jennings, 2001). Simple Random Sampling Design: In case of simple random sampling there is a higher expectation of each and every element of being selected from all the target population. Most of the surveys are aimed to get information about the inferences of target population. In the case of dairy products limited simple random sampling can serve the purpose well. Since it is the case of desert, which can be liked by all the customers from different social, economical, and age groups. There are not any specifications regarding age, sex, social and ethical point of view. It has been found that Probability sampling, for instance simple random sampling can provide more is more competent results than that of non-probability sampling designs. The simple random sampling has also some drawbacks attached to it. In case of random sampling if the population does not reflect the correct representation of the target population the results will not serve the purpose of survey. It is possible to select the non-representing population because as we know that in the case of random sampling design each and every sample has an equal chance of being selected. So it can be stated that probability sampling is more effective in presenting more accurate results than that of non-probability sampling. Although in some situations simple random sampling is not also feasible. Additional survey sampling designs are also required to find the most correct results. To guarantee the representativeness of the sample, the researcher must make sure that it is random. In random sampling all members of the population have an equal chance of being included in the sample (Veal, 1997). In qualitative research sample size are in general small, thus probability theory and notions of statistical representativeness do not apply. The sample might choose to encapsulate a range of characteristics relevant to the subject under study, or provide a detailed view of behaviour, events or experiences that are seen in the wider population (McGivern, 2003). Another way of sampling the population is to use stratified random sampling design in order to avoid the complications regarding the large-scale sampling. In the case of stratified sampling the samples are chosen as the representatives of different subgroups from the target population. It should be kept in mind that all the participants are chosen in a way that they effectively represent the subgroups. If the stratified sampling is effectively undertaken it can find out more competent inferences than that of simple random sampling. In order to get a deeper insight of the population subgroups within a target population that are likely to have similarities –attitudes or tastes– within a stratum but differences among strata, stratified sampling is the best choice. (Brightman, Schneider, 1994) In the case of surveying customers needs for Dairy products Limited to introduce new product focus group samples can be divided into different strata regarding their age, tastes, income and class. Selecting Stratified Random Sample: The first step in the process of selecting a stratified random sample is to determine the total size of sample population. In case of Dairy products limited the sample size will be larger. In order to achieve the inferences about the tastes, choice and economic inferences focus groups should be undertaken at all the local outlets of Dairy products limited. The large sample size will decrease the margin of error although costly. In this lieu it is the decision of management to keep a balance in precision and cost. Secondly, the sample size with in a stratum is determined. There are several factors, which determine the sample size in each stratum. These factors also effect the results acquired by the allocation of sample population in different strata. The factors are as follows: Total sample size in each stratum; The degree of variability in different stratums. The cost of obtaining observations from each stratum. â€Å"Use proportional allocation sampling when sampling costs are the same for all strata and when all strata exhibit the same variability.† (Brightman Schneider, 1996) As discussed above stratified random sampling is effective in providing the accurate precise estimates than simple random sampling regarding the population but the case can be reverse if the target population is not correctly stratified. â€Å"Stratifying works best when the variability of the variable of interest is low within each stratum and high between different strata.† (Brightman Schneider, 1996) For the purpose of this survey we will use stratified random sampling in order to gain knowledge about the different factors effecting the tastes of the customers. This way the author is able to narrow down the results easier than handling the sample population from a bigger scope of computations. The results are merely based upon the journals done by other researchers and their comparison with the results of this study’s completion. The Variables:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The questionnaires shall be expected to give exact results regarding the satisfaction that the consumers or the clients receive from the provided services. This way, the variable which includes the satisfaction level of the client and the performance capabilities of the company providing the services are to be evaluated through the questionnaire and interview results. Data Analysis: On their own, data are rarely used in their original form. Through the process of data analysis, value is added to the data to turn them into information. It is information rather than data which users especially policy and decision-makers are interested in (Uganda bureau of statistics, 2005). However this will be a very sensitive and critical stage in my research process as misinterpretation or over-interpretation is always a potential risk.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The process of data analysis in this research will include the following steps: Indicate the date of the questionnaires. Who completed them, and the number of returns? Categorise the data collected. This can be done according to gender, origin, age etc. Reading through the questionnaires and interviews carefully and coding them after the event in relation to the types of answers, themes and issues, and then  categorising of response (keeping a note of what the codes refer to). Then by asking some questions like what are the answers that keep repeating, what are the deviations from these answers, and Are there themes emerging? Contradictions? Then it would be possible to draw some relative generalisations. Timetable and Budget The research will be finished in three months starting on 1st April and ending on 1st July. In the following month, I would carry out the plan and I hope that some improvement would be made in holiday in particular. We think that the earlier the research finishes the better, so that one could take action earlier. Time table Week Tasks   1 Project start meeting , identification of   research problem 2 Research design 3 Interview preparation 4 Start interview 5   Interview in process 6 design   and agree questionnaires 7 Identify respondents email addresses   and send questionnaires 8-9 Analysis of interview data and write up 10-11 Questionnaires analysis 12-13 Prepare final report, informal discussion of findings 13-14 Delivery of   summary report and presentation, Follow-up queries references: Bryman A., and Bell. E., (2003) business research methods 1st ed.  Ã‚   OXFORD Donald r.    Bryman, A., (2001). Social research methods. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Brightman, H., Schneider, H., (1994). Statistics for Business Problem Solving, (2nd ed.). SouthWestern Publishing Co., Ohio. Denscombe, M. 2003. The good research guide: for small-scale research project.   2nd ed. Maidenhead: Open University Press Dominowski, R.L., (1980). Introduction to logic, 6th ed., New York: Macmillan. Elias, N., and Dunning, E., (1986). Quest for excitement: Sport and leisure in the civilising process, oxford: Basil Blackwell. Gubrium, J.F., and Holstein, J. A., (2002). Handbook of interview research, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Jennings, G. (2001). Tourism research, Milton, Qld.: Wiley Australia Kotler, P., (2000). Marketing Management, Millenium Edition, Prentice Hall, United States. Mason, J., (1996). Qualitative researching, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. McGivern Yvonne, (2006). The Practice of Market and Social Research. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall. McGivern, Y. (2003). The practice of market and social research: an introduction. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall Stallings, W. Slyke, Richard, V., (1998). Business Data Communications. 3rd ed. Prentice Hall Punch K. (1998). Introduction to social research: quantitative and qualitative approaches.   London: SAGE Veal, A. J., (1997). Research methods for leisure and tourism: A practical guide, 2nd ed., London: Pitman Publishing.

Home Appliances To The Countryside Social Policy Essay

Home Appliances To The Countryside Social Policy Essay The home appliance industry in China has mainly focused on exporting to European and America markets. It generally achieved double-digit growth in years before 2008. However, the export market is withering in recent year. The export of household appliances and electronic products last year recorded only a 3% increase and contribute to 72.5 billion U.S. dollars in 2008 (Xinhua News, 2009). For example, Chinas export value of color TV sets had annually dropped by 18.4 in the first quarter of 2008, came to 1.67 billion U.S. dollars (Customs of China, 2009). Foreseeing such a declining trend, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce of the Peoples Republic of China had introduced a pilot project for rural residents in December 2007. Such pilot project was called home appliances to the countryside program which is a subsidy policy on electronic home appliances for rural areas. The trail was to be held in three provinces (Shandong, Henan and Sichuan) and one city (Qingdao) by o ffering rural residents a 13% subsidy on consuming the selected three categories (televisions, refrigerators and mobile phones) of home appliances items. At present, the current level of utilization of home appliances in Chinese rural areas is only equivalent to that of the urban areas at the late 1980s (China Research and Intelligence Co., 2009). Every 100 Chinese rural households possess the number of color TVs, washing machines, cell phones and refrigerators only 2/3, 1/2, 1/2 and 1/4 respectively of the of urban households. The asymmetric information between the rural resident and the electronic home appliance industry results in adverse selection. This situation imposed the market failure as promoting electronic home appliances to rural areas. Hence, the subsidy policy of electronic home appliances for rural areas can be regarded as a policy support by the government in order to promote electronic home appliances and, thus drive a long-term structural change when encouraging manufacturers to design rural use products (Credit Suisse, 2009). In the third quarter of 2008, the risk of second mortgage in the United State provoked the global financial tsunami. Due to the eruption of the global financial tsunami, the global economy is in recession and the export of China suffered a great loss. Moreover, when the financial crisis has plunged the world into recession, protectionism in the globe market has been on the rise. According to a recent World Bank study, from October 2008 to February 2009, forty seven trade-restricting measures were implemented (E. Gamberoni and R. Newfarmer, 2009). While the authority had paid attention on the rising tide of trade protectionism and recession of export market, by the way of the primary success of the pilot project and the first extension of the program in the December 2008, the government announced thehome appliances to the countryside program would be extended into a national wide scale in February 2009 (Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Commerce and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, 2008). According to the notice, the government aims to boost domestic demand to secure economic growth, improve living standard of the countrys rural population, boost domestic consumption and stimulate the industrial production growth through the program extension. Such national wide subsidy policy covers the entire rural areas in the nation with nine categories of home electronic appliance items. Significances and aims of this study: After the extension of the home appliances to the countryside program in February 2009, it nationally targeted to the entire rural residents. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the population of rural residents is 7.2 hundred million approximately, which is 55.06% of the population of China (National Bureau of Statistics, 2008). With this large numbers of target participants, how the program to promote and implement rests on the government and the electronic home appliances industries. The Chinese Premier, Wen Jiabao, has commented on the Chinas stimulus package. According to his speech, the Chinas stimulus package is designed to both sustain economic growth and improve peoples livelihood. Policies related to affecting peoples well-being are given priority to allocate public resources (Embassy of China in the US, 2009). Namely, the authority regards the subsidy policy a crucial strategy to increase domestic demand and secure the economic growth under the current economy circumstance and also a policy that also aims to improve the living standard of the rural residents. Ministry of Commerce estimates that the home appliances to the countryside program will boost domestic consumption and achieves RMB 150 billion in the first year and totally boost RMB 920 billion at the end of the program. However, compare with the approximate RMB 150 billion rural spending, the proportion is relatively small. During the first ten month of 2009, the national sales of the subsidy prog ram was 2787.8 units which accounted for RMB 5.08 billion. Within this period, the sales figure record a continued dropping in August and September while the sales in August was around RMB 7.6 billion, and it was as low as RMB 6.2 billion in September. (Peoples Daily, 2009). It was the first time of a continued two months sales decline from the RMB 8.8 billion sales in the July. These figures reveal that the outcome of the subsidy program is not able to meet the original approximation. This indicated the original estimation is too optimistic and overvalues the participations of rural residents. The subsidy policy is a comprehensive strategy involving large numbers of rural residents and large amount of money. The participants of the rural residents are the key fundamental of the subsidy policy. Rural residents will not blindly consume what the electronic home appliance industry put on the market despite there is a 13% subsidy from the government. They have their concerns and evaluations to the policy. This study mainly focuses on the home appliances to the countryside program after February 2009 and its aims to analysis the relationship among the government, the electronic home appliance industry and rural residents. For the government, the program is to boost domestic consumption in the rural area to secure economic growth. For the electronic home appliance manufacturers, they aim to gain benefits. For the rural residents, they consider to improve their living standard after purchasing the electronic home appliances through a subsided price. By studying their different purposes to participate in the program, I will try to conclude some suggestion to enhance the efficiency of the home appliances to the countryside program since the outcome is not satisfied with the assumed estimation. Literature review: Home appliances to the countryside program The English translation as home appliances to the countryside program was officially used in the government and media in China. The program first started as a pilot project on three provinces and one city in December 2007. After holding the pilot project for one year, in December 2008, phrase one of the home appliances to the countryside program which extended its area to a total of 14 provinces, directly controlled municipalities and autonomous regions was started. At last, in the February 2009, the program extends to entire rural areas in the nation and to subsidize the rural residents in nine categories of electronic home appliances (color TV sets, refrigerators, mobile phones, washing machines, air conditioners, water heaters, computers, microwave ovens and electromagnetic cookers). The program will last for four years to 2012 and rural residents were entitled to a 13% subsidy on purchasing the selected electronic home appliances (limited within two units in each category). Since this subsidy program targeted the rural residents, only those with rural residency qualify for the subsidies. According to regulations of operating the home appliances to the countryside program, a price limit was set on each category. (For example, color TV set RMB3500, refrigerators RMB2500, mobile phone RMB1000, washing machines RMB2000, etc). The original purpose to set up such limit is to ensure items are affordable to the rural residents. However, this limit was regarded as one of the factors that hinder to achieve the approximate rural expenditure. The home appliances to countryside program has been running for more than ten months since February 2009 and different kinds of statistics were announced. According to the Ministry of Commerce, there are 17 home electronic appliances companies which has accumulated sales over 100 million and they include Haier, Gree, Midea, Skyworth, Konka, TCL, Lenovo, etc. Among these companies, Haier is the enterprise which benefits the most from subsidy program and has the highest accumulated sales figures of RMB 8.6 billion during the past 10 months. However, there are still 14 companies out of 348 which show fragmenting sales while another 17 enterprises sold less than 10 units (Minister of Commerce 2009). Indicators of quality of live As mentioned earlier in this study, the subsidy program in also a social welfare program. This policy supports the rural residents to buy electronic home appliances in order to improve their life standard. David E. Bloom, Patricia H. Craig and Pia N. Malaney in their study concluded several indicators to evaluate quality of life. They are nutrition, health, education, income, gender equality, fertility, political, civil, and economic freedom, environmental quality, access to infrastructure, and access to information. Televisions and mobile phone convenience their life and also provide a channel for them to gain information. Manufactures are required to add special functions which are fit to use in rural environment. The models of mobile phone which selected in the program are required to enhance the signal accessing ability where signal from network operators in rural environment are instability. In the long run, the purpose of the subsidy program is guiding the manufactures to set up production line for rural markets. As a result, when the program ends in 2012, the subsidy program is expected to motivate the production of the electronic home appliances sector, meanwhile, stimulate the industrial structure development. Consumption behavior in rural areas The home appliances to the countryside program is a strategy to boost domestic consumption by encouraging the rural residents to consume more. By understanding the consumption behavior of the rural residents, the government can estimate their reflection and hence the efficiency of policies can be guaranteed. Since there are various hierarchy of need, people would use their income to buy the basic survival resources as their priority while the development products would be subsequent and following by the leisure goods (W.H. Wong, 1999). In other words, there is a sequence of consuming. W. Guo concluded the basic sequence of expanding spending of rural residents in his study (W. Guo 1998). It is: reproduction goods, housing, and education for theyounger generation, transportation, electronic home appliances, and commodities. Under this sequence of consuming, we can predict the consumption behavior of rural households. Basically, personal disposable income minus personal saving is personal consumption expenditure (N. Gregory Manki, 2004). Therefore, personal disposable income becomes one of the factors that affect personal consumption expenditure. Wong in his study indicated that, the consumption power and intention to spend are different in different level of household income. Rural households of high level income prefer to consume to increase living standard. On the contrast, rural households of low income level trend to fulfill basic need because of constraining by the limed of income. When the rural residents can fulfill their basic need, they who are mobilized by the subsidy program are able to consume the electronic home appliances. Insecurity income source due to deficient in land use According to the World Bank, 90% of poverty is still rural excluding migrant workers from the rural population (World Bank, 2009). Although per capital net income of rural households has been being steady rising these years, the income gap between the urban and rural has also grown. According to the National Bureau of Statistic, in 2007 the per capital annual net income of urban households is around RMB 14908, meanwhile, the per capital annual net income of rural households is around RMB 4140, which is only 27.7% of the urban households (National Bureau of Statistic, 2008). Moreover, the rural households does not feel a sense of security on their income source since they only have use rights to but do not own the land themselves. In addition, the long-term investment in land is demotivated because of the insecurity of use rights (Jacoby H., Li G., Rozelle, S., 2002). Because of the consumption expenditure related to the personal income, in income of rural households are not security, they prefer to savings rather than consumption. It can be regarded one of the factors that demoviated the rural residents to participate in the home appliance to countryside program. Coverage of Social Security is low in rural areas According to China Social Security Annual Bulletin, in 2007, there were nearly 476 million people in Chinas rural labor force. However, in that year, the numbers of workers contributed to the old age pension system was fewer than 52 million and only 11 percent of the rural labor force was covered by the scheme (Y. Yang, J.B. Williamson, C. Shen, 2009). Scholars conclude the old age pension system does not have reliable source of financing, and full of problems of funds embezzlement and is low benefits (I. Nielsen, C. Nyland, R. Smyth, M.Q. Zhang and C. J. Zhu, 2005). Since they do not and are not force to contribute to the old age pension. The rural residents rely on their savings as their risk protection. As a result, the attraction to the rural residents of the 13% subsidy from the program will decrease and the participation of the rural will be affected. Game Theory Game theory is a study of the ways in whichstrategic interactionsamongrational playersproduceoutcomeswith respect to theutilities of those players (Daniel Burgess, 2005). In other words, game theory analyses how agents (players) make decision which sufficient their own utilities instrategic situations (games). It is a mathematic theory which can be applied toin thesocial sciences research. It emphases that each player involved in game will estimate their benefits and acts in order to gain the best outcome individually. If in a situation where it is not possible to increase benefits only by the implementation of one single player, this strategy is called the Nash equilibrium. Players involved in game relation will only seek to benefit oneself, it sometimes leads to a situation of prisoner dilemma. In such situation, people do not cooperate although by so they can make both of them to be better off. The efficiency of a policy depends on the coherence between the Nash equilibrium and po licy makers ideal focal point (Osborne, Martin J. Rubinstein, Ariel, 2003). Every participant involves a policy will make different choices which affect the outcome and efficiency of a policy. As a result, we can use the conclusion by analyzing game models of each participant to improve the efficiency of a policy. Arguments: The home appliances to the countryside program has dual functions. On one hand, it is an economic policy that emphases on maintaining economy growth by boosting domestic consumption. On the other hand, it is a social welfare policy that accents on improving the living standard of rural residents by subsidizing them to purchase electronic home appliances. The government, the electronic home appliances industry and the rural residents can choose their own strategies to participate to the home appliances to countryside program. This study argues the game relations among the players of the home appliances to countryside program will hinder the rural residents to participate to the program. As a result, the expected outcome of the subsidy program will be held back. Theoretical framework: As mentioned before, according to the game theory, the efficiency of a policy depends on the coherence between the Nash equilibrium and policy makers ideal focal point. The gap between the objectives and results of the policy originated from the game relations among the players. Although the government has had a good intention, the results of the program gained at present were not conforming to the original estimation. In this study, a game-theoretic model is used to study the relationships among rural residents, enterprises and governments under the policy that rural residents are encouraged to participate to the subsidy program. The government can choose to optimize the program in order to attract more rural residents to participate and consume. The rural resident can choose to or not to participate in the program by calculating their benefit and loss. As each participant seeks to satisfy its utility, this program can be analyzed as an n-person non-cooperative game. This paper trie s to relocate the roles of governments, and put forward some policy suggestion on promoting the home appliances to the countryside program. Research Methodology In research methodology, I will use data analysis as well as document analysis methods to analyze in which areas the government should improve the home appliances to the countryside program. The Ministry of Commerce and the National Bureau of Statistics have been promulgating data about the subsidy program each month. Moreover, Thought these data, the game relations among the participants in the program (including the government, the industry and rural residents) can be examined. Since the subsidy program is highly concerned by the public. Scholars have been investigated and commented on the program. Their researches can contribute to relevance the game relation among the participants. Bibliography Full text of Chinese Premier Wen Jiabaos speech at 2009 Summer Davos in Dalian. (2009), Embassy of the Peoples Republic of China in the United States of America. Avaliable online: http://www.china-embassy.org/chn/zt/t583718.htm (accessed 4 November 2009) Guanyu quanguo tuiguang jia dian xia xiang gongzuo de tongzhi (Notice from three government departments about the national implementtiona of home appliances to the countryside program) , Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Commerce, and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China. Available online: http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2008-12/05/content_1169347.htm (accessed 30 October 2009) Jia dian xia xiang yun niang zheng ce tiao zheng, zhong biao qi ye jiang you tao tai zhi, Ministry of Commerce, China. Caidian hangye juyu yu tiaozhan bingcun'(The Color TV industry: Opportunities and Challenges), Ceneral Administration of Customs of China. Available online: http://www.customs.gov.cn:82/gate/big5/www.customs.gov.cn/Portals/0/jcyj/-ifbase4-base76-vfHE6jG8vrbIztK5+rLKteez9r-awb-D98-Uz8K9tbLKtefQ0NK1u-rT9tPrzPTVvbKitOYuZG9j (accessd 20 November 2009) Xiaoshou yu ladong neisu yuqi you cha ju, jiadian xiiaxiang yunniang tiaozheng (Gap between the Sales and the estimated consumption, home appliances to the country program is brew to adjust). Renmin ribao (Peoples Daily). 19 November 2009 Daniel Burgess, (2005) Utilitarianism, Game Theory and the Social Contract, Macalester Journal of Philosophy, Volume 14, Issue 1. P.75 Elisa Gamberoni and Richard Newfarmer. (2009) Trade Protection: Incipient but Worrisome Trend, Trade Notes. Ingrid Nielsen, Chris Nyland, Russell Smyth, Mingqiong Zhang and Cherrie Jiuhua Zhu (2005). Which Rural Migrants Receive Social Insurance in Chinese Cites?, SAGE: Global Social polic, P.353-381 Jacoby, H., Li, G., Rozelle, S., (2002) Hazards of expropriation: tenure insecurity and investment in rural China. American Economic Review, v. 92, n. 5, p. 1.420-1.447. National Bureau of Statistics of China.(2008) Population and Composition, China Statistical Yearbook 2008. 3-1, 9-5, and 9-20. Available online: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2008/indexce.htm (accessed 4 Nov) N. Gregory Mankiw. (2004) Principles of Economics, Thomson Learning, Chapter 26. Osborne, Martin J. Rubinstein, Ariel. (2003) Sampling equilibrium, with an application to strategic voting. Games and Economic Behavior, P.434-441. Study Group of Asia Technology Research Analyst Team. (2009), Chinas electronics subsidy programme, Credit Suisse. Study Group of China Research and Intelligence Co. (2009) Research Report on Chinese Home Appliance Manufacturing Industry, 2008-2009, China Research and Intelligence Co. Wang Guanqun. (2009) Home appliances makers catch their breath as rural sales boom (text), Xinhua News, 31 May. Available online: http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009-05/31/content_11463552.htm (accessed 4 November2009). Wei Guo. (1998) Non cun shi chang he yi qi er bu dong, Jing ji xue xin xi bao. China. Weihong Wong. (1999) Zhong guo nong cun ju min xiao fei de ji ben qu shi ji zhi yue nong min xiao fei xing wei dei ji ben yin su fen xi'(An analyze of factors that constructs to the consumption behavior in rural area of China), National Economic Research Institute, China Reform Foundation. P.13 World Bank. (2009) China, From Poor Areas to Poor People. China: World Bank. Yinan Yang, John B. Williamson, Ce Shen (2009.) Social security for Chinas rural aged: a proposal based on a universal on contributory pension, International Journal of Social Welfare.

Essay --

In less than a years time, Kyle Warren had been seen by four different medical doctors, each one with their own diagnosis that included autism, bipolar disorder (also known as manic depression), insomnia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Kyle's pill regimen kept multiplying, consuming daily harmful cocktail of mind- altering drugs including Risperdal (anti-psychotic), Prozac (antidepressant), Adderall (psycho-stimulant) and two sleeping medicines. Kyle Warren was only eighteen months old at the time (Wilson 11). Kyles story is not rare, in fact, it has became what I refer to as a â€Å"to common† case. For that matter, it was a story much like this one that got me interested in the mental health system and prompted me to educate myself on all the parts of this industry. I will disclose results from three years of research, including a short history of important milestones for the profession, what lead up to the mass l abeling and drugging in America, the reasons behind petitions for change by professionals in this very field, and the need for the immediate and complete reform of the mental health system. The goal of this analysis is to raise awareness on this issue by sharing information as to the identity of the culprits behind the corruption and the harm to human lives by breaking the system that no longer works for the people it is meant for. The suggestion of key players forming a relationship seemed ideal at first—a scientific partnership that could attack mental illness from all sides, or a meeting of the minds if no shift to second person:you will. A proposed partnership, with psychiatrists bringing their expertise and clinical experience, the drug makers provi... ... Depression (NARSAD), all created by these APA and NIMH directors, the very organizations that needed the invention of these advocacy groups in order to make demands on Congress for increased funding. Not only was this a great lobbying strategy but also a brilliant marketing scam since all of these groups had board or advisory board members with financial ties to pharmaceutical companies, are heavily funded by drug companies, and still are to this day. (â€Å"NIMH celebrates Half-Century of Progress, 31) NAMI’s campaign to stop the â€Å"stigma† and â€Å"end discrimination† against the mentally ill, driven and funded once again by the ones who benefit the most from more and more people being labeled mentally ill. The â€Å"Founding Sponsors† of this campaign were Abbott Labs, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Pfizer, Novartis, SmithKline Beecham and Wyeth-Ayerst Labs (cchr)

Michael Moore: An Influential Filmmaker Essay -- Cinema

Michael Moore, an Academy Award-winning filmmaker is known for his highly controversial documentaries. He appeals to the newer generation, trying to educate people along with addressing our unresolved social issues in the United States. He gives incite to corrupt things that our government is involved in that citizens do not know about if they do not read or watch the news. Michael Moore proved to be a big-time influence through his work in the movie industry. His main message is to get people to stop following their government blindly, but rather speak out, ask questions, get involved, and most of all shows peoples power to be able change what needs to be changed. He proves being patriotic means taking responsibility and being informed about what’s happening in the media and all of Michael Moore’s films give the audience this. Time magazine named Michael Moore one of the World’s 100 most influential people. Through his Oscar and Emmy awards, he proves even a powerless author and producer with nothing more than a pen and a movie camera can make a tremendous difference. His documentary Bowling for Columbine reiterated that by a determination and persistence that not only him, but patriots can create change. He interviewed some of the surviving victims of the Columbine shootings along with Charlton Heston, the NRA president. He shows the gruesome effect of allowing guns and bullets to be so easily accessible. Kmart was his main destination and he took it upon himself by going right to the top of a major corporate food chain. The documentary was about how he was able to get them to stop selling bullets completely. Getting Kmart to stop selling bullets doesn’t mean that you’re going to prevent kids from going somewhere ... ...n in public, which many people are not courageous enough to do, and for that many respect him. Michael Moore proves that one man can make a difference. He is a great example of exercising our right to free speech and questioning the government. If something doesn’t seem right he is a spokesperson for finding out the truth. Michael was a small town boy who grew up to become one of the most influential documentary film makers of our time. Works Cited Bowling For Columbine. Dir. Michael Moore. 2002. Fahrenheit 911. Dir. Michael Moore. 2004. Penn, Sean. Time.com. 18 April 2005. 8 March 2012 . Sicko. Dir. Michael Moore. 2007. The Oprah Winfrey Show. Michael Moore's Sicko. 1 January 2006. 8 March 2012 .

Religious Spirits :: essays research papers

The new millennium has finally arrived and technological advancements are still being made at a rate faster than is often conceivable. Among the various inventions and discoveries of the modern era is one that has already become a mediocre item to the average individual – the cell phone. As one takes a stroll down the street, grabs a bite to eat, or simply takes a single step into the outside world, one may realize that nearly each and every individual is affected by the cell phone phenomenon. Cell phones are a means by which individuals are able to communicate with others that are not present. However, the fascinating characteristic of the cell phone is that it allows the personal and private act of talking on the phone to take place in public, around complete strangers. As a result, the cell phone has various roles as a mode of communication; whereas one may use the cell phone simply to ensure connection and communication with people not around, others may treat the cell phone as a mechanism used to display a specific attitude towards outsiders. These varying manners in which people utilize the cell phone are extremely significant. The cell phone, when utilized as both a means of communication with a single person and the general public, simultaneously depicts the users inherent dependency on other people, as well as an element of the user’s sociability, confidence, and importance. The cell phone is a channel by which people may communicate a message both in an interpersonal and mass fashion; however, the typical perception of the cell phone is that is a form of interpersonal communication. When Jane was preparing to leave the house to see a movie, I suddenly felt the need to question her instinctive drive to toss her cell phone into her purs e. It perplexed me that Jane felt she would answer a phone call or need to initiate a phone call while sitting in a dark theater. Jane responded that at any possible moment an emergency could occur and her cell phone would be the only possible thing that could save her. She explained that it comforted her to know that in case her mother, who is currently ill, needed to reach a hospital, Jane will be the first to know and respond promptly, no matter where she may be. In addition, Jane stated that she nevertheless needed to always know that if she became stuck on the freeway due to a shortage of gas, help is only a phone call away. Religious Spirits :: essays research papers The new millennium has finally arrived and technological advancements are still being made at a rate faster than is often conceivable. Among the various inventions and discoveries of the modern era is one that has already become a mediocre item to the average individual – the cell phone. As one takes a stroll down the street, grabs a bite to eat, or simply takes a single step into the outside world, one may realize that nearly each and every individual is affected by the cell phone phenomenon. Cell phones are a means by which individuals are able to communicate with others that are not present. However, the fascinating characteristic of the cell phone is that it allows the personal and private act of talking on the phone to take place in public, around complete strangers. As a result, the cell phone has various roles as a mode of communication; whereas one may use the cell phone simply to ensure connection and communication with people not around, others may treat the cell phone as a mechanism used to display a specific attitude towards outsiders. These varying manners in which people utilize the cell phone are extremely significant. The cell phone, when utilized as both a means of communication with a single person and the general public, simultaneously depicts the users inherent dependency on other people, as well as an element of the user’s sociability, confidence, and importance. The cell phone is a channel by which people may communicate a message both in an interpersonal and mass fashion; however, the typical perception of the cell phone is that is a form of interpersonal communication. When Jane was preparing to leave the house to see a movie, I suddenly felt the need to question her instinctive drive to toss her cell phone into her purs e. It perplexed me that Jane felt she would answer a phone call or need to initiate a phone call while sitting in a dark theater. Jane responded that at any possible moment an emergency could occur and her cell phone would be the only possible thing that could save her. She explained that it comforted her to know that in case her mother, who is currently ill, needed to reach a hospital, Jane will be the first to know and respond promptly, no matter where she may be. In addition, Jane stated that she nevertheless needed to always know that if she became stuck on the freeway due to a shortage of gas, help is only a phone call away.

Generous Generosity

Generous is an adjective frequently adopted by poets; generosity is a virtue greatly valued by nobilities; generous generosity is a depiction historically inherited by generations. I am always wondering that how does ‘generosity’ develop its personal charisma to attract so much attention? Is it possible to decode its mystery by tracing the origin of ‘generous’?Browsing through books, I discovered that some clues keep emerging. From a historic perspective, tracing word’s development back in time shows that in many cases what are now separate lexical items were formerly identical words. The deep prehistory of language has nurtured little word-seeds that over the millennia have proliferated into widely differentiated families of vocabulary. ‘Generous’ is a word of no exception.Originally, it was a derivative of genus in the sense â€Å"birth, stock, race,† and harks back semantically to its ultimate source in the Indo-European base â €˜gen’ denoting ‘produce’. Its Germanic offshoots include kin, kind, and probably king, but for sheer numbers it is the Latin descendant genus â€Å"race, type†. It probably entered the language in the 16th century coming via Old French genereux from Latin generosus, which originally meant â€Å"of noble birth† (a sense which survived in English into the late 17th century – Richard Knolles, for instance, in his General history of the Turks 1603, wrote of â€Å"many knights of generous extraction’).Years of evolution witness the moderate changes in the meaning of â€Å"generous†, and its semantic progression from ‘nobly born’ through ‘noble-minded, magnanimous’ to ‘liberal in giving’ impresses me while reading classics. In the field of literature, ‘generous’ enjoys a great rate of exposure. Let alone other authors, solely William Shakespeare used it for at least dozen times. Its first appearance was in Love’s Labour’s Lost, a work of Shakespeare’s early comedy.For instance, in scene one the fifth Actï ¼Å'a humorous dialogue conducted between the egg-headed Holofernes and Armado: Armado: Sir, it is the King’s most sweet pleasure and affection to congratulate the Princess at her pavilion, in the posteriors of this day; which the rude multitude call the afternoon. Holofernes: The posterior of the day, most generous sir, is liable, congruent, and measurable, for the afternoon. The word is well cull’d, chose, sweet, and apt, I do assure you, sir, I do assure. Under this circumstance, generous is an expression of nobility. As for a noble man, soul of innate generosity, every task is gracious and magnificent as well as every utterance.However, when this word was spoken by the bookish Hologernes, it sounded like a cheap flattery rather than a sincere approbation. In Love’s Labour’s Lost, generous was endowed wi th a new meaning, namely, kind giving. In scene two the fifth Act, Holofernes shouted that â€Å"This is not generous, not gentle, not humble† when he was roughly treated by courtiers. The above context reflects that generous stresses warm hearted readiness to give and demonstrates kindness to others in want of helps. Through Shakespeare’s interpretation, a generous sir can be defined as a well born person characterized by a noble spirit; generosity means the quality of being liberal and magnanimous.In addition, according to Alexander Pope 1, many people are capable of doing a wise thing, more a cunning thing, but very few a generous thing. What Pope intended to convey was that doing generous things demands lofty characters and unconditional dedication. Hovering in my mind, generous incorporates kind, wise and noble. Sometimes, the generous giving of ourselves can produce the generous harvest. Sometimes, barely detectable as it is, generosity can change someone elseâ⠂¬â„¢s life forever. Generous generosity is the most enchanting expression in English language, and the greatest wisdom cherished by civilized society, which urges people to do the generous deed, and to carry on the virtue of generosity.

Real Learning Takes Place Through Experiance Essay

â€Å"Not all learning takes place in the classroom. † All knowledge should not obtain from class because subject only taught by a teacher. But some lessons, which are pertaining to life, only will demonstrate by personal experiences. Every person should be learning more from real life than class room. I think real life is the best example for learning and obtaining knowledge. This is supported by various reasons. Learning takes place not only in the classroom but also in our everyday lives. This is because to learn does not mean just to gain academic knowledge. Rather, learning refers to acquisition of any kind of knowledge that can give us instructions on how we should behave. Information that we get in the classroom is, without any doubt, useful and proven and it can broaden our mind. However, school years are relatively short in terms of a life span, and, therefore, there are a lot more things that can be attained outside classroom and that are equally valuable. First of all, Personal experience is essential for obtaining indelible knowledge. For instance, in an early age the teacher would teach about animals. Is it gives sufficient knowledge for children? No, it does not. When teachers will take them in to the zoo and explain about those animals, they never forget that information. This is one type of personal experience. Which knowledge have gotten by personal experience, it will be never loss. Second, the relationship among the people as well as friendship values is not taught by teachers in the classroom. Those relationships have known only by personal experience. Further, the young age person do not realise about money value. The same person should know about money value while he starts earning of money. Finally, sometimes a new technology and new things were discovered by personal experience but not classroom knowledge. For instance, today’s popular phone was discovered by Alexander graham bell. It was discovered by accidently but not part of an educational research. Today, various popular technologies and things also discovered from their real life. In conclusion, the illiterate persons also can maintain different business successfully using their personal life experience. Unfortunately, an erudite people also will fail in business because lake of experience. So I strongly believe that â€Å"Not all learning takes place in the classroom. † Because, if we have only classroom knowledge; today, we do not have any TV, computers, and other technologies. We surely obtain more knowledge from personal life than classroom knowledge.

A Report on Customer Care Improvement By Robert L Fousler

Following the article in the Standard Newspaper dated 8/07/1998 on â€Å"Customer Care Improvement by Robert L Fousler (MD) Consultant s for Effective Training, I am in total agreement with him concerning the points that he has put forth concerning Customer Care within business organizations. Customer Care is an important point in management and should be carried out by any manager within any business organization irrespective of what departments he is directly of indirectly in charge of. It is important to note that a business or organization cannot effectively attract customersclients if it cannot deal with its internal clients. In any business/organization, internal clients are the employees within the organization. Mr. Fousler mentions that in Kenya, many industries in the market and developing from a â€Å"Sellers† market into a â€Å"Buyers† market. This means that the only difference between one Seller and another will be in the quality of the service rendered to them. In addition to this, the expectations and demands of clients have been increasing and have been rapidly dynamic over the past five years and in order for you to please, and indeed, maintain a client then the services rendered to them should be adequate and ready to fulfill their needs. Most service industries, if not all, are all client/customer oriented and they depend on the client to pay for their services that are intangible. With this in mind, it is in their best interest to ensure that the services they offer are useful to the client and that the Customer Support is highly advanced and effectively operational. In reference to this, it is important for organizations, particularly those in the service industry, to realize that their future success is dependant on managers viewing their staff as the most important assets they have and that everything depends on how they work as a team. He goes on to mention that Customer Care skills should not only be offered to staff in service-oriented organizations but to all organizations in general. If people can serve one another and each department serving the other, then the Customer Service skills will be extended to the â€Å"External† customer. He also highlights the importance of Customer Care in any organization and says that it is not wise to train only certain sections in the organization since everything everyone does in the organization has an impact on the client in one way or the other. Therefore, everyone must be included in Customer Care oriented seminars because they create awareness in staff of the importance of gaining such skills. After the training has been undertaken, then the most important task is to implement it. This includes maintaining a high level of outgoing commitment and insists that this can only be done by each department having â€Å"Ownership† of the process, so that Customer Care is supported by committed individuals and teams rather than just by management. He says that one way of promoting the training is to have an incentive to bolster the training that has been carried out. An example would be to give gifts or rewards to those who improve the most in the service they give to both internal and external customers. Under Evaluation, he says that it is not easy to quantify but one good approach would be to do a â€Å"Before† and â€Å"After† survey of the complaints received from External customers.

Abuse Of Power And A Desire To Intimidate Education Essay

â€Å" Bullying is a signifier of aggressive behavior which is normally hurtful and deliberate † and involves â€Å" an maltreatment of power and a desire to intimidate and rule † ( Undertaking: 1 ) . However there are many variables that can protect and assist kids survive experiences of intimidation. Children possess many single features which protect and guarantee endurance of strong-arming. A kid should hold a deep consciousness of self-concept â€Å" the set of properties, abilities, attitudes and values that an single believes defines who he or she is † ( pg446 ) , as this allows for grasp of their alone individualism, assurance in their abilities and moral values and reject bullying or isolation for non corroborating with stereotypes or peer force per unit area. They will gain their possible as persons. An of import property of self-concept is Self-esteem, â€Å" the opinions we make about our ain worth and feelings associated with those opinions † . Victims of strong-arming normally â€Å" are diffident or have a weak character † ( Elliot 59 ) therefore a high degree of self-esteem came protect and aid kids survive intimidation and experiences of isolation or bullying as it develops an â€Å" attitude of self-acceptance and self-respect † ( pg449 ) Autonomy Fosters high self-esteem as the kid has a â€Å" sense of one ‘s ain individuality and an ability to move independently and to exercise some control over one ‘s environment, including internal venue of control, and self-efficacy † ( web site ) . Therefore the kid will believe in their individualism and self-respect. As Bernard notes if a kid develops a sense of resiliency and opposition â€Å" declining to accept negative messages about oneself † and of withdrawal â€Å" distancing oneself from disfunction † , the kid will last Acts of the Apostless of intimidation as the kid will recognize that these actions are morally incorrect and discrimative. ( Website ) . In order for the kid to last intimidation and protect themselves they should react â€Å" assertively to a state of affairs, make â€Å" self-asserting statements † and defy use and menaces † Bandura states that a kid ‘s personality features and societal behaviors are reinforced by behaviors environing them, hence an environment where intimidation is non tolerated by grownups must be established as â€Å" Victims demand to be reassured that they are non entirely and that it could go on to anyone † ( Elliot Bullying: 58 ) . Relationships within the household contribute significantly. Parents are universally of import and provide emotional support for their kids to last experiences of isolation, important in protecting kids from effects of intimidation. A strong degree of fond regard would be critical in protecting kids as fond regard behaviors are â€Å" evoked when the person has need of attention or support or comfort â€Å" back up a kid would necessitate if victimised. Parents who adapt an important child-rearing manner will assist protect their kids as it incorporates â€Å" high credence and engagement, adaptative control techniques and appropriate liberty allowing † ( pg564 ) which would further autonomy and individuality in the kid ( Barber & A ; Olsen 1997, Gray & A ; Steinburg 1999, Hart, Newell & A ; Olsen 2002 ) .Ref: This child-rearing manner allows for the development of strong communicating, it encourages the kid to show her ideas feelings and desires hence non to be intimidated by a bully if non conforming with stereotypes. Victims of strong-arming with this secure fond regard and environing environment would experience comfy to inform their parents and seek support if bullied. This type of child-rearing manner has fostered competency such as â€Å" high degrees of self-pride, societal and moral adulthood and favorable school public presentation † ( Amato & A ; Fowler,2002, Anuola, Stattin & A ; Nurmi, 2000, Herman et al, 1997, luster & A ; McAdoo 1996 ; Mackey, Arnold & A ; Pratt, 2001 ; Steinberg, Darling & A ; Fletcher 1995 pg564 ) . A kid who has dignity and self- worth will last and protect themselves from strong-arming as they will non yield to intimadation but gain and esteem their individuality. It can take the kid to a mature underatnding their alone features are valued in community and should non be a factor in their isolation. Besides relationships with siblings can be seen as an country for emotional support. Older siblings frequently â €Å" aided younger siblings with academic and equal challenges † ( pg576 ) and may help development of resiliency to effects of intimidation. Teachers can work collaboratively with parents as â€Å" There are many advantages in parents and instructors working in partnership † ( Besag, 1989, 1992, 1999, Randall, 1996: Bullying Michael Elliot ) . Relationships in school in peculiar instructor patterns can protect kids from experiences of intimidation. The personality and values that a instructor brings to the schoolroom can act upon the degree of protection available to kids from. The instructor should make a positive acquisition environment where intimidation is frowned upon but friendly relationship and value of persons are to the bow. A stating ambiance should be established where the kids feel confident to seek support or study strong-arming behavior. Merely as the issues outlined in â€Å" Guidelines on Countering Bullying Behaviour in Primary and Post Primary Schools † ( 1993 ) the instructors must be argus-eyed for strong-arming behavior, maintain clear records of incidents, and be alert of any academic or physical marks of intimidation. The instructor â€Å" through course of study work on intimidation, can raise awareness amongst students about strong-arming behavior and they can dispute attitudes about strong-arming behavior, addition apprehension for bullied students and assist construct an anti-bullying ethos in the school † . ( undertaking bulling LAN ) . Drama is a powerful convention that can be used to research intimidation and for kids to discourse their feelings and understanding about intimidation. However the instructor must be careful non to promote free function drama of intimidation, but use play to raise consciousness of strong-arming through a fictional lens. Teacher can besides utilize literacy to research intimidation as there are many novels that deal with intimidation in a sensitive mode such as â€Å" The Diddakoi † by Rumer Godden. ( undertaking strong-arming local area network ) . The instructor can advance high ego esteem through topics such as SPHE by prosecuting the kids in games depicting themselves to their equals, raising their self-respect and assurance. It must be noted that positive relationships with friends in school can assist protect kids from strong-arming as they excessively provide a secure base supplying comfort and support to get the better of bullying and isolation. Besides a individual they can confide in or look to for support in stating a parent or instructor. Teachers â€Å" have small opportunity of successfully assisting victims unless a school has a clear, well-developed, anti-bullying scheme † ( Elliot:58 ) The school must develop an appropriate anti-bullying ethos and policy â€Å" which establishes a clear set of agreed purposes which provide students, staff and parents with a sense of way and an apprehension of the committedness of the school to cover with strong-arming behavior which provides a â€Å" model for intercession and bar † ( undertaking LAN ) .The policy gives staff an apprehension and to be â€Å" consistent in their attack to strong-arm behavior and to advance anti-bullying values within the school. â€Å" ( Tacking LAN ) . Culture affects the construct of intimidation, in this manner a policy associating to strong-arming must see the societal economic and spiritual values of a society. Different civilizations reflect different values which influence the policy as a school with values is cognizant of the importance of incorporating with the community ( DEB omoore ) . Besides the cultural group that a kid is from influences their protection and endurance as different cultural groups use assorted raising manners which result in different features in the kid. Different cultural groupings in societies reflect different attitudes ethical motives and in bend usage different raising manners hence kids. The community should work in partnership with the school. Parents ‘ councils could be established in the school where the community involved in â€Å" outlining new or revised school policy/codes † and besides these councils should â€Å" guarantee that their local communities are bully-free † to guarantee a comprehensive attack to strong-arming in all facets of the kid ‘s life: at place, in school and in the community. It is apparent that through a comprehensive inclusive attack to strong-arming those kids can be protected and survive experiences of intimidation.